Modern society is definitely more mobile than it was several decades ago. Accompanying the increased mobility is a corresponding craving for greater quantities of information. The increased demand has ...

FREQUENCY-MODULATION, or the technique of varying the frequency of radio waves for signalling purposes, has been known and used for many years ; but it was not until Armstrong in the United States in ...

Optical vector analysis has emerged as a critical tool for characterising optical devices, enabling simultaneous measurement of amplitude and phase responses over wide bandwidths. This technique is ...

As an ultra-wideband microwave signal, amplitude shift keying (ASK) can be used in many occasions, such as electronic warfares, wireless communications and modern radar systems. Initially, ASK ...

Two things have been overlooked with phasing amplitude modulation. One is the importance of pulse modulation; the other is that logic gates can be used for analog signal processing. Both of these ...

Modern oscilloscopes capture, view, measure, and analyze complex RF signals in the time, frequency, and modulation domains. Time-domain analysis, the original oscilloscope function, allows users to ...

The key parameters of the FSS technique and their impact on EMI performance. How to evaluate FSS performance using simulation, ICs, and a signal generator. Frequency spread spectrum (FSS) is a ...

A look at the simplest FM demodulation technique. It doesn’t give the lowest possible output distortion, it doesn’t reject amplitude distortion effects, but it is simple and can be used at virtually ...

Modulation is the process of varying a higher frequency carrier wave to transmit information. Though it is theoretically possible to transmit baseband signals (or information) without modulating it, ...